Grammar Skills

Page 312: Exercise 25:
Answer each of the following questions with two complete sentences. Write one sentence with in order to + an infinitive and the other with so that. The first one is done for you.

1. For what purpose should you think about your intended major?
      1. You should think about your intended major in order to choose a university that is well-qualified and staffed in your major,
      2. You should think about your intended major so that you can choose the best university with that major.


2. For what purpose should you visit different universities'Web sites?
     1. You should visit different universities'Web sites in order to check every option you have considering your major.
     2. You should visit different universities' Web sites so that you can check every option you have considering your major.

3. For what purpose should you think about your financial situation?
     1.You should think about your financial situation in order to know if you will need a loan or a scholarship will cover the cost.
     2. You should think about your financial situation so that you can know if you will need a loan or a scholarship will cover the cost.

4. For what purpose should you find out about financial aid?
    1. You should find out about financial aid in order to see how much you will have to spend.
    2. You should find out about financial aid so that you see how much you will have to spend.

5. For what purpose should you find out about part-time jobs?
    1. You should find out about part-time jobs in order to have money for your personal stuff and if you must pay any bill.
    2. You should find out about part-time jobs so that you have money for your personal stuff and if you must pay any bill.


Page 314: Exercise 26:
Following are four reasons for liking biology. Write a sentence for each of the transitions given. Some of these transitions introduce adverbial clauses of cause. The first one is done for you.

1. Biology systematically classifies living things.
because of- I like the study of biology because of its systematic classification of living things.
so- The study of biology has a systematic classification of living things, so it makes me like it.
thus- Biology has a systematic classification of living things. Thus, is a reason for me to like the study of it.

2. Biology explains the characteristics of living things.
because of- I like the study of biology because of how it explains the characteristics of living things.
for- Biology explains the characteristics of living things. For this reason I like the study of it.
therefore- Biology explains the characteristics of living things; therefore I like the study of it.

3. Biology explains the interdependence of living things.
so- Biology explains the interdependence of living things, so this is a reason I like the study of it.
as a result- Biology explains the interdependence of living things and this makes them interesting; as a result, I like the study of it.
since- I like the study of biology since it explains the interdependence of living things.

4. Biology encourages curiosity and research.
consequently- The study of biology encourages curiosity and research; consequently I like it.
for this reason- Biology encourages curiosity and research, and for this reason I like the study of it.
because- I like the study of biology because it encourages curiosity and research.


Page 332: Exercise 38:
Combine the two sentences in each item by using the correlative conjunction given.

1. (both... and)
Physics is classified as a physical science. Chemistry is classified as a physical science.
Both physics and chemistry are classified as physical sciences.

2. (neither... nor)
We cannot classify mathematics as a biological science. We cannot classify psychology as a physical science.
Neither we can classify mathematics as a biological science, nor classify psychology as a physical science.

3. (not only... but also)
Botany and zoology are normally considered biological sciences. They are generally requirements for a B.S degree.
Not only botany ans zoology are normally considered biological sciences, but also they are generally requirements for a B.S. degree.

4. (either... or)
All liberal arts majors have to take two physical sciences courses. Instead, all liberal arts majors could take two biological science courses.
Either all liberal arts majors have to take two physical sciences courses, or all liberal arts majors could take two biological science courses.

5. (not only... but also)
In order to graduate, all students in college must take certain required courses. They have to take some electives.
In order to graduate, not only all students on college must take certain required courses, but they have to take some electives too.

Page 334: Exercise 39:
Combine the following sentences by first using a gerund, then an infinitive, and finally it in the subject position. The first one is done for you.

1. She takes a math course every semester. This is difficult.
Taking a math course every semester is difficult.
To take a math course every semester is dificult.
It is difficult to take a math course every semester.

2. During the semester, she goes to class every day.This is a good idea.
Going to class every day during the semester is a good idea.
To go to class every day during the semester is a good idea.
It is a good idea to go to class every day during the semester.

3. She takes notes as the professor does the sample problems on the board. This is useful.
Taking notes as the professor does the sample problems on the board is useful.
To take notes as the professor does the sample problems on the board is useful.
It is useful to take notes as the professor does the sample problems on the board.

4.She does the homework problems regularly. This takes time.
Doing the homework problems regularly takes time.
To do the homework problems regularly takes time.
It takes time to do the homework problems regularly.

5. She turns the homework in every day. This gives her a sense of satisfaction.
Turning the homework in every day gives her a sense of satisfaction.
To turn the homework in every day gives her a sense of satisfaction.
It gives her a sense of satisfaction to turn the homework in every day.

6. She gets good grades. This is the best reward.
Getting good grades is the best reward.
To get good grades is the best reward.
It is the best reward to get good grades.

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